“全国医学博士外语考试:医患沟通常用词汇分析”相信是准备全国医学博士外语考试的朋友比较关注的事情,为此,医学教育网小编整理内容如下:
第一句:
The patient-physician interaction proceeds through many phases of clinical reasoning decision making.
译文:医患沟通在临床诊断和治疗决策的许多时期进行着。
涉及词汇:proceed进行、开展reasoning推论、推理clinical reasoning诊断clinical decision确定治疗方案making decision做出决定
第二句:
The interaction begins with an elucidation of complaints or concerns,followed by inquiries or evaluation to address these concerns in increasingly precise ways.
译文:这种沟通开始于病人主诉或所关注问题的阐明,然后通过交流、评估不断精确地确定这些问题。
涉及词汇:elucidation说明、阐明inquire询问、调查evaluation评估、评价
第三句:
The process commonly requires a careful history or physical examination,ordering of diagnostic tests,integration of clinical findings with the test results,understanding of the risks benefits of the possible courses of action,careful consultation with the patient family to develop future plans.
译文:这个过程通常需要细致的询问病史和体格检查,开具诊断性化验医嘱,综合临床发现和化验结果,理解分析拟行治疗过程中的风险和疗效,然后与病人及家属反复磋商以完善治疗方案。
涉及词汇:integration综合consultation磋商、会诊
第四句:
Physicians increasingly can call on a growing literature of evidence-based medicine to guide the process so that benefit is maximized,while respecting individual variations among different patients.
译文:尽管考虑到不同病人中个体差异是存在的,但医生们越来越容易查阅不断增长的循证医学文献来指导这个过程,使得疗效最大化。
涉及词汇:respecting注意到、关系、说到evidence-based medicine循证医学
第五句:
The increasing availability of randomized trials to guide the approach to diagnosis therapy should not be equated with―cookbook‖medicine.
译文:但是,不断增加的可用于指导临床诊断与治疗的随机试验资料不应当作―烹调书使用。
涉及词汇:availability可利用性,可得到randomize随机的cookbook食谱,烹调书approach接近
第六句:
Evidence the guidelines that are derived from it emphasize proven approaches for patients with specific characteristics.
译文:那些随机试验获得的临床表现和诊断思路是侧重于求证具有某些特征病人而来的。
涉及词汇:Evidence证据,迹象guideline指导方针emphasize强调
第七句:
Substantial clinical judgment is required to determine whether the evidence guidelines apply to individual patients to recognize the occasional.
译文:实际的临床判断需要确定这些临床表现和诊断依据标准是否能应用于普通病人的个体,并能找出例外。
涉及词汇:substantial clinical真实的,实在的individual个体occasional偶尔的,特殊的
第八句:
Even more judgment is required in the many situations in which evidence is absent or inconclusive.
译文:在许多情况下,临床表现缺乏或不典型,甚至需要考虑得更多。
涉及词汇:inconclusive不确定性,非决定性
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