“全国医学博士外语考试：完形填空五种逻辑关系”相信是很多准备全国医学博士外语考试的朋友比较关注的事情，为此，医学教育网小编整理内容如下：

填空中的五大逻辑关系。

在完形填空的解题中，我们要学会把握全文，不能将每一个空看成一个独立的个体。完形中主要考察的五大逻辑关系为：对立关系、因果关系、并列关系、总分关系和递进关系。

对立关系

包括让步和转折关系，常见的标志词和短语：but，however，yet，on the contrary，by contrast，unfortunately，although，even though，nevertheless，in spite of，regardless of，anyhow，instead of，rather than，not…but等。

例题：

He must store a large quantity of grain ___ consuming all his grain immediately.

[A]other thanas well as[C]instead of[D]more than

答案：C

解析：此处考查的是逻辑关系，需要根据空前和空后来判断。空前“储存了大量粮食”与空后“消耗所有粮食”形成对立关系，选C instead of.

因果关系

常用的标志词和短语有：because，for，since，as，thus，hence，therefore，so，so…that，such…that，in order that，consequently，accordingly，due to，thanks to，in response to，on account of，because of，considering that，seeing that，in that，now that，lest，as a result，for this reason等。

例题：

More families consist of one parent households or two working parents，___，children are likely to have less supervision at home.

[A]contrarilyconsequently[C]similarly[D]simultaneously

答案：B

解析：此处考查的是逻辑关系，需要根据空前和空后来判断。空前“更多的家庭是单亲家庭或双工家庭”与空后“孩子在家很少受到监管”之间是因果关系，故所B consequently.

并列关系

常用的标志词和短语有：and，or，neither…nor，either…or，not only…but also，likewise，similarly，equally，in the same way，that is to say，as well as，same…as等。

例题：

Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in response to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status，___ as a rejection of middle-class values.

[A]orbut rather[C]but[D]or else

答案：A

解析：此处考查的是逻辑关系，需要根据空前和空后来判断。空前“没有成功提升社会经济地位”与空后“排斥中产阶级的价值观”都可能是“犯罪”的原因，故空前和空后之间是并列关系，选A.

总分关系

常用的标志词和短语有：such as，for example，for instance，to illustrate，as an illustration，to take an example，more specifically等。

例题：

The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases ___ the trial of Rosemary West.

[A]as tofor instance[C]in particular[D]such as

答案：D

解析：此处考查的是逻辑关系，需要根据空前和空后来判断。空前“prominent cases”与空后“the trial of Rosemary West”是包含的关系，总体与部分的关系，可以选for instance和such as，但for instance后面不能直接加名词，such as后要直接加名词，故选D such as.

递进关系

常用的标志词和短语有：then，besides，additionally，in addition，furthermore，moreover，what is more等。

例题：

Too often，careless use of words prevents a meeting of the minds of the speaker and listener.The words used by the speaker may stir up unfavorable reactions in the listener which interfere with his comprehension；hence，the transmission-reception system breaks down.

___，inaccurate or indefinite words may make it difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him.

[A]MoreoverHowever[C]Preliminarily[D]Unexpectedly

答案：A

解析：此处考查的是逻辑关系，需要根据空前和空后来判断。此空位于段首，需要考虑本段与上一段的逻辑关系，上一段提到“careless use of words”给交谈带来的障碍，空后则提到“inaccurate or indefinite words”理解信息造成的困难。前后是递进关系，故选择A moreover.

掌握一定的解题技巧，能够让你更快的选择出正确的答案，提高做题的效率。

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