SP History in Brief
SP历史简述
1963: Howard Barrow’s (neurologist,University Southern California) develops for teaching purposes simulated patients.
1963年:Howard Barrow(南加州大学的神经病学家)为教学目的开发了“模拟病人”
1968: Robert Kretzschoman, MD (University of Iowa) Developed the first Gynecological Teaching Associate
1968年:衣阿华大学的Robert Kretzschoman博士开发了第一个“妇产科教学合作者”
Mid 1970's: Ron Harden, (University of dundee) developed and implemented the first Objective Structured Clinical Exam (OSCE's) using standardized patients.
1970年代中期:邓迪大学的Ron Harden开发并第一次实现了标准化病人在客观结构化临床能力考试中的应用
Late 1970’s: Paula Stillman, (Pediatrician) University of Arizona developed the “Arizona Clinical Rating Scale” for SP’s to use to evaluate students’ performance
1970年代后期:亚利桑那大学的儿科医师Paula Stillman开发了“亚利桑那临床等级量表”,供SP使用,以评估学生的表现。