介词是虚词，介词不能单独作句子成分，只能用在名词、代词或作用相当于名词的其他词、词组或从句之前，与之一起构成介词短语充当句子成分。

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Ⅰ.介词的种类

(1)简单介词

on，in，with，by，for，about等

(2)合成介词

into，out of，as for，without

(3)短语介词

by means of，because of，according to，in respect of，in contrast with，in spite of

(4)分词介词

including，concerning，considering，regarding，provided，given

Ⅱ.介词短语

介词短语是由介词和构成介词短语的那部分名词或相当于名词的其他词或短语构成的。本文|由职业培训教育网独家整理。主要有下列几种：

(1)介词+名词

Aluminum and zinc can easily combine with the oxygen in the air.

(2)介词+代词

How much luggage can I take with me?

(3)介词+动名词

You learn to speak English by speaking it.

(4)介词+数词

Everything divides into two.

(5)介词+另一个介词短语

The air was removed from between the two pipes.

(6)介词+形容词或副词

It is far from satisfactory.

We have made some progress，but it is far from enough.

The door suddenly opened from within.

(7)介词十不定式

The airplane is about to take off.

(8)介词十分词

I consider the problem as settled.

(9)介词+从句

Liquids are different from solids in that liquids have no definite shape.

Ⅲ.介词的用法

(1)作状语

According to molecular theory，all matter is made up of small particles called molecules.

(2)作定语

These are movies and videotapes in foreign languages.

Claims beyond the responsibilities of the suppliers can not be entertained.

(3)作表语

The result is beyond expectation.

(4)作主补和宾补

Petroleum is considered of great value.

A force may set the ball in motion.