Are You Just Not Ill or Excellent in Health?
As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious (有营养的) foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.
The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs. Both types have simply been called “well.” In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise, and they make a point of monitoring their body’s condition. Most important, perhaps, people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷) may be “well,” in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. “Wellness” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.
1.Today medical care is placing more stress on
A.keeping people in a healthy physical condition.
B.removing people’s bad living habits.
C.monitoring patients’ body functions.
D.ensuring people’s psychological well-being.
正确答案:B
解析:问题问的是：当今的医疗保健更加强调什么?文章开头提到当今医疗保健的焦点已经从治疗疾病转移到预防疾病上，特别是在改变许多不利于健康的行为，如不良的饮食习惯，吸烟和不运动等。因此B正确，即去除不好的生活习惯。
2.In the first paragraph, people are reminded that
A.drinking, even if not to excess, could be harmful.
B.regular health checks are essential to keeping fit.
C.prevention is more difficult than cure.
D.good health is more than not being ill.
正确答案:A
解析:问题问的是：第一段提醒人们什么?第一段列举了一些人虽然有某种不良的习惯，但是还算健康，但是后面紧接着说他们还可以健康得多(如果没有这些不良的习惯)。由此可见这些不良的习惯还是在某种程度上对这些人的健康有害的。其中就包括喝点酒但是并不醉酒驾车的人。因此A正确，即喝酒，即使不喝多也会对健康有害。BC在文中并没有提到;D是第二段提到的。
3.Traditionally, a person is considered “well” if he
A.does not have any unhealthy living habits.
B.does not have any physical handicaps.
C.is free from any kind of disease.
D.is able to handle his daily routines.
正确答案:C
解析:问题问的是：传统上认为一个人健康的标准是什么?第二段开头提到传统上并没有将健康细分为“没有病”和“身体非常好并非常关注身体的特殊需要”，就是说，只要没有病就算健康。因此C正确。
4.According to the author, the true meaning of “wellness” is for people
A.to best satisfy their body’s special needs.
B.to strive to maintain the best possible health.
C.to meet the strictest standards of bodily health.
D.to keep a proper balance between work and leisure.
正确答案:B
解析:问题问的是：作者认为正真意义上的健康是什么?第二段第五行提到正真的健康的人是指那些积极争取保持或改善身体状况的人。因此B正确。
5.According to what the author advocates, which of the following groups of people would be considered healthy
A.People who have strong muscles as well as slim figures.
B.People who are not presently experiencing any symptoms of disease.
C.People who try to be as healthy as possible, regardless of their limitations.
D.People who can recover from illness even without seeking medical care.
正确答案:C
解析:问题问的是：根据作者倡导的理念，下列那组人应被认为是健康的?第二段提到新的理念认为一些患病的或者有残疾的人也可以是健康的，只要他们能够在身体条件限制情况下，努力争取达到最好的健康状况。因此C正确。
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