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第六部分：完型填空 （每题1分，共15分）

阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，并涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

Dark Forces Dominate Universe

The Earth，moon，sun and all visible stars in the sky make up less than one percent of the universe．Almost all the rest is dark matter and dark energy, unknown _1_ that puzzleastronomers．

Observations in recent years have changed the basic understanding of how the universeevolved and have emphasized for astronomers how little is known _2_ the major forces andsubstances that shaped our world．

Astronomers now know that luminous matter-stars．planets and hot gas – _3_ only about 0.4 percent of the universe．Non．1uminous components．such as black holes and intergalacticgas，make up 3.6 percent．The rest is either dark matter, about 23 percent，or dark energy, about 73 percent．

Dark matter, sometimes called “cold dark matter,” has been known for some _4_. Only recently have researchers come to understand the pivotal role it _5_ in the formation of stars．planets and even people．

“We owe our very existence to dark matter,” said physicist Paul Steinhardt and a co-author of a review on dark matter which appeared not long _6_ in the journal Science．

Steinhardt said it is believed that following the Big Bang，the theoretical _7_ of the universe，dark matter caused particles to clump together．That set up the gravitation processes that led to the formation of stars and galaxies．Those stars，in turn，created the basic chemicals，such as carbon and iron．that were _8_ to the evolution of life．

“Dark matter dominated the formation of structure in the early universe．”Steinhardt said．“For the first few billion years dark matter contained _9_ of the mass of the universe．You can think of ordinary matter as a froth of an Ocean of dark matter．The dark matter clumps and the ordinary matter falls into it．That led to the _10_ of the stars and galaxies．”

Without dark matter,“there _11_ be virtually no structures in the universe．”

The nature of dark matter is _12_．It cannot be seen or detected _13_ ．Astronomers know it is there because of its effect on celestial objects than can be seen and measured．

But the most dominating force Of _14_ in the universe is called dark energy．a recently proven power that astronomers say is causing the galaxies in the universe to separate at a faster and faster speed．

One scientist said it is clear now _15_ dark matter and dark energy engaged in a gravitational tug of war that，eventually，dark energy won．

词汇：

intergalactic／adj．银河间的 gravitation／n．地心吸力，万有引力

pivotal／adj．关键的 froth／n．泡沫

owe／v．把……归功于 celestial／adj．天体的

clump／v．凝聚成块

1． A)space B)movement C)forces D)speed

2． A)about B)in C)for D)witllin

3． A)waits for B)longs for C)accounts for D)looks for

4． A)schedule B)time C)duration D)period

5． A)displayed B)delayed C)relayed D)played

6． A)previously B)back C)before D)ago

7． A)beginning B)changing C)combining D)ending

8． A)universal B)additional C)fundamental D)structural

9． A)many B)most C)little D)few

10． A)detection B)formation C)revolution D)separation

11． A)would B)must C)shall D)should

12． A)unchecked B)unlocked C)unknown D)unmeasured

13． A)personally B)accurately C)formally D)directly

14． A)all B)total C)overall D)sum

15． A)when B)that C)how D)what

参考答案:

1． C dark matter和dark energy都是forces，其他三个选项意思都搭不上。第二段讨论同一话题时用了the major forces，更说明选forces的正确性。

2． A know little(／something／much)about是固定搭配，被动态就是little is known about.

3． C 本题要填account for(占……份额)，因为后面接的是0．4 percent。wait f_or(等待)， long for(渴望)和look for(寻找)与0．4 percent都搭不上。

4． B 从意义上判断，本题用的词组应该是for some time。英语很少使用for some schedule， for some duration这种搭配。习惯上说for some period oftime。不说for some period。

5．D play a role in是固定搭配。display(陈列)，delay(延误)，relay(接力传送)意思搭配不上。职称英语考试8

6．D 谓语动词用的是过去式appeared，只有说not long ago才对。before只胄黪饰发生在过去动作之前的另一个动作。试比较：

He saw her three days ago．、

(错旬：He saw herthreedays before．)

He said he had seen her three days before．

(错旬：He saidhe had seen her three days ago．)

7． A 前面出现Big Bang(宇宙大爆炸)，只有填入beginning上下文的意思才连贯。

8． C 从意义上判断，本题填的应该是important，fundamental，necessary之类的形容词。

9． B 若能理解下文的You can think of ordinary matter as a froth of an ocean of dark matter，就知道选little或few是不对。matter是不可数名词，不能用many修饰。选most在用法上、意思上都是正确的。

10．B 本段第一句是Dark matter dominated the formation of structure in the early universe．中间几句属扩展部分。最后一句为结论句，内容与第一句相呼应，所以选formation

11．A “Without…，would”是虚拟语气的常用句型。

12．C 本段第二旬说Itcannotbe seen ordetected…据此判断，第一句中应该填unknown。

13．D 本段第三句说从暗物质对天体产生的效应能推断暗物质的存在。据此，本题要填directly。

14．A 最高级adj．+复数n．+of a11”是固定搭配。据此，本题要填all。

15．B 本题要求填入引导主语从句的连词that。其他三个选项，意思与上下文都接不上。