摘要:2013年职称英语卫生类阅读理解强化训练。
Going on a diet
A typical person needs about 1,800 calories per day to stay alive. These calories keep your heart 1_______and your lungs breathing. They keep your organs operating2_______and, your brain running. They also keep your body warm. A person 3______weight because he or she consumes more calories per day than needed. The only way to lose fat is to 4______the number of calories that you consume per day. This is the basic 5______behind going on a diet.
6______,diets don't work for most people. They do lose weight but then 7______ the diet and put it back. Building a sensible diet and exercise plan is the key to 8______ a consistent weight. You need to figure out how many calories you need in a day and how many you 9______ take in. The next step is to add ,exercise so that you can 10______the number of calories you can consume per day.
Exercise charts can show you how many calories different 11______of exercise can burn. Burning 250 or 500 calories per day can 12______a big difference. You can ride an exercise bike while you are watching TV or you can 13______ the stairs instead of the elevator. Find an exercise 14______. Exercise can be a lot easier if there is someone to talk to. It's a good idea to wear firm-fitting clothes if you are on a diet. 15______clothing acts as a reminder of what you are trying to accomplish.
词汇:
typical α. 典型的,有代表性的
calory n. 卡路里
consume v. 消耗,消费,耗尽 (燃料、能量、时间等)
sensible α. 明智的,合情理的,切合实际的
consistent α. 一贯的,始终如一的
reminder n. 令人回忆起……的东西,提醒……的东西
accomplish v. 完成,实现,做成功
注释:
1. ...diets don't work for most people . . . :……节食并不是对大多数人都奏效……
2. You can ride an exercise bike while you are watching TV or you can…:你可以在看电视的时候骑自行车或者你可以......
练习:
1. A ticking B beating C running D kicking
2. A properly B appropriately C approximately D effectively
3. A adds B increases C gains D puts
4. A cut off B take down C remove D reduce
5. A way B principle C method D kind
6. A Similarly B Though C Unfortunately D Although
7. A go off B go on C go after D go under
8. A getting B measuring C maintaining D reserving
9. A preferably B actually C consistently D eventually
10. A raise B go up C exceed D grow
11. A ways B factors C functions D forms
12. A have B do C make D give
13. A walk B climb C run D take
14. A partner B colleague C associate D friend
15. A Tight B Loose C Casual D Formal
答案与题解:
1. B 从句意来看,本句要说明"体内的热量可以使人的心脏跳动",所以答案选择 beating。tick 是"发出滴答声"或"激怒";run 是"奔跑" ;kick 是"踢"。只有 beat 符合句意。
2. A 从句意来看,本句要说明"体内的热量可以使身体的器官正常运转"。Properly 和appropriately 都有"合适的,适当的"之意,但 properly 可以表达"正常的、按照一定的规律" 的意思;approximately 是"近似地,大约,大概,近乎";effectively"有效地"。答案选择 A。
3. C 选项 A) 、B) 、C) 都有"增加"的意思,但只有 gain 和 weight 搭配使用,才构成"增加体重"的意思。文中原意要表达"一个人增加了体重"。选项 D)put 和 weight 搭配,没有增加体重的意思。
4. D 选项 A)cut off 意为"切割,剪断"等意思;选项 B) take down 为"记录、记下";选项 C) remove 为"移走、去除";选项 D)reduce 为"减少、降低"。本句意为"唯一的减肥办法就是减少每天的卡路里的消耗量",所以答案选择 D。
5. B 本句要表达节食的基本原则是上文所述的"减少每天卡路里的消耗量"。答案 A)way和 C)method 是"方式、方法"的意思。选项 D) kind 作为名词是"类别"的意思,不符合题意。答案为 B) principle"原则"。
6. C 本句要表达的意思是" 遗憾的是,节食对于大多数人的减肥并不奏效"。选项 A)Similarly 为"相似地";选项 B) Though 为"虽然";选项 C) Unfortunately 为"遗憾地、不幸地";选项 D)Although 为连词"虽然"。只有 C 符合句意。
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