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点击二(***)：感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice等后既可接不带to的不定式作宾补，也可用v-ing形式作宾补。前者表示动作已结束，后者表示动作正在发生。试比较：

He saw a girl get on the bus. 他看见一个女孩上车了(上车的动作已经结束)

He saw a girl getting on the bus. 他看见一个女孩在上车(上车的动作正在进行)。

在语法的第一讲里，我向各位学员介绍了英语中有关句子的一些基本情况和“家族”中的一部分成员-----主要是简单句，在今天这一讲里，我将继续给大家介绍句子“家族”中的另外一些“成员”——并列句和复合句。

A. 并列句：(compound sentence)

由两个或两个以上相互不依从的句子构成。并列句的各个分句之前通常用并列连词连接，并列连词前可用逗号，也可不用。其结构为：简单句+并列连词+简单句。

主要并列连词有：and, but, or, for, so, while, however, either...or, neither...nor, not only…but also, both…and 等

主要并列连词的用法

1 and: 意为“和，而且”，表示同等关系或递进关系

1>. I went there by train and she went there by plane. 我乘火车去那里的，她乘飞机去那里的。

2>. Her father is a doctor and her mother is a teacher. 她父亲是医生，她母亲是教师。

3>. Tom finished his homework, and they went out to play games. 汤姆做完了作业，他们就出去玩游戏了。

2 but: 意为“但是”，表示转折关系。

1>. She is very old but she is in good health. 她年纪很大了，但身体很好。

2>. He is poor, but he is happy. 他穷，但是他幸福。

3>. The man shouted to the policemen, but they didn't hear him.

4>. Some people don't like summer, but I quite like it. 有些人不喜欢夏天，但是我很喜欢。

3 or: 意为“或者，否则”，表示选择关系。

1>. Are you going with us or will you stay at home? 你同我们一起去，还是呆在家里呢?

2>. The students can go swimming or they can go mountain climbing.

学生们可以去游泳，也可以去爬山。

3>. You'd better go by taxi, or you will be late. 你最好乘出租车去，否则要迟到了。

4 for:表示“因为，表示因果关系”。是“前果后因”。

1>. He is late for class every day, for he gets up late every day.

2>. We passed the exam, for we studied very hard.

5. so: 因此，也表示因果关系，是“前因后果。”

1>. He gets up late every day, so he I slate for school every day.

2>. We studied very hard, so we passed the exam.

6. not only...but also意为“不但……而且”，表示同等关系。

1>. Not only can he drive a car, but he can also repair cars. 他不但会开车，而且还会修车。

2>. He was not only a good father, but he was also a good husband. 他不仅是个好父亲，也是个好丈夫。

7. either...or意为“不是……就是，或者……或者”，表示选择关系

1>. You can either do it by yourself or you can ask someone else to do it.

你或者自己做这件事，或者请别人做这件事。

2>. Either the teacher didn't explain the sentence clearly, or I didn't understand it.

不是老师没有把这个句子解释清楚，就是我没有理解。